Notes for Mpp Subject of Mba 1st Sem free essay sample

Management is a vital aspect of the economic life of man, which is an organised group activity. A central directing and controlling agency is indispensable for a business concern. The productive resources – material, labour, capital etc. are entrusted to the organising skill, administrative ability and enterprising initiative of the management. Thus, management provides leadership to a business enterprise. Without able managers and effective managerial leadership the resources of production remain merely resources and never become production. Under competitive economy and ever-changing environment the quality and performance of managers determine both the survival as In the words of George R Terry Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organising, actuating and controlling performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources. According to James L Lundy Management is principally the task of planning, co- ordinating, motivating and controlling the efforts of others towards a specific objective. We will write a custom essay sample on Notes for Mpp Subject of Mba 1st Sem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the words of Henry Fayol To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to control. According to Peter F Drucker Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages a business and manages managers and manages worker and work. In the words of J. N. Schulze Management is the force which leads, guides and directs an organisation in the accomplishment of a pre-determined object. In the words of Koontz and ODonnel Management is defined as the creation and maintenance of an internal environment in an enterprise where individuals working together in groups can perform efficiently and effectively towards the attainment of group goals. According to Ordway Tead Management is the process and agency which directs and guides the operations of an organisation in realising of established aims. According to Stanley Vance Management is simply the process of decision-making and control over the actions of human beings for the express purpose of attaining pre- determined goals. 8 According to Wheeler Business management is a human activity which directs and Management Science: Theory and Practice controls the organisation and operation of a business enterprise.

Theme For Moby Dick essays

Theme For Moby Dick essays The theme that I got out of this book and movie is that you should not allow something that is wrong in your life take a front and center position in your everyday life. I feel that this is what Captain Ahab did in this book by taking revenge out on a whale that took his leg. He let his feelings get the best of him in this story and I will tell you about my reasoning behind all this in the follow paragraphs. Captain Ahab had lost his leg in a whaling accident to a whale named Moby Dick. This of course made him a bitter old man and in turn made a person full of anger and hatred towards a figure in nature. Seemed kind of ridiculous to me considering that youd think that you would have more important things in life to be worried about than an animal in the ocean who didnt take your leg cause he knew what he was doing I mean come on. Anyways now you know that Ahab is a whaler and that his crew is only there to make money by getting the oil from the whales but Ahab has a whole different purpose on his mind and you learn of this by the passage: All ye mast headers have before now heard me give orders about a white whale. Look ye! Dye see this spanish ounce of gold? Now pretty much what he is saying is if you kill this whale you get the money that he is offering them. Well you learn here that all he is out for is for is self and the revenge he seeks on this whale. This was the first thing he said to his crew and that shows that this is all he wants. In a quote which I will state it like Captain Ahab is in a sense obsessed with this whale right down to the point that he knows every detail of it and every exact marking on its body. Its as if this haunts him everyday of his life and he portrays it to the whole society in which he lives at the time. In the passage I am going to state he talks about the whale showing us that this is what he dreams about probably everyday: aye, Queequeg, the harpoons lie al...

A New Use For The Prefix Cis-

A New Use For The Prefix Cis- A New Use For The Prefix Cis- A New Use For The Prefix Cis- By Maeve Maddox Writing about gendered pronouns recently, I mentioned that â€Å"cis female† is a gender choice on Facebook. The prefix cis- derives from a Latin preposition meaning â€Å"on this side of.† Cisalpine Gaul, for example, was the part of Gaul located on the Italian side of the Alps. The part on the far side of the Alps was Transalpine Gaul. More familiar prefixes derived from Latin prepositions are trans, â€Å"across, on the other side† and circum, â€Å"around.† One of their uses is to indicate location, as in this example: Armitage boldly observes, We are all Atlanticists now. Then, he defines three approaches to Atlantic history, which he calls Cis-Atlantic, Trans-Atlantic, and Circum-Atlantic. Circum-Atlantic history is the history of the people who crossed the Atlantic, who lived on its shores and who participated in the communities it made possible.- Review of The British Atlantic World, 1500-1800. Chemists use cis- as a prefix and as a free-standing adjective to designate â€Å"a compound in which two atoms or groups are situated on the same side of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound.† Here are some gender-related terms that are beginning to appear in the media: cisgender cissexual cis man cis woman cissexism cissexual assumption Here are examples of their usage: â€Å"Cissexual assumption†Ã‚  is a phrase coined by Julia Serano for her claim that  cissexual  people assume that all people experience  gender identity  in the same way. It seems that some of this trans woman hatred from cisgender women  is based on a fear that perhaps they are taking something from us. I’m a Cis Girl in Love with a Trans Guy. Cis writers in every media form are jumping on the trans  story  train. Cis- is the logical choice of prefix to denote â€Å"assigned at birth† in contrast with transgender, â€Å"not conforming to birth gender.† Unfortunately, with all such labels, the danger exists that cis may become an abusive epithet. The other evening, I heard the term â€Å"cis male† used in an episode of Blue Bloods. The character, a college girl, referred to another character as â€Å"a cis male.† Her facial expression and tone of voice made it clear that she was not using the term as a neutral designation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Punctuate References to Dates and TimesOn Behalf Of vs. In Behalf OfAdvance vs. Advanced

Contract II Coursework Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract II Coursework Question - Essay Example In order to circumvent a contract on the grounds of frustration, it has to be established that the events had not only made it much more difficult to comply with the contractual obligations, but that they had also destroyed its very foundation. The BBL Company should have made alternate arrangements to contend with the problems arising from the failure of machinery. As per the case law discussed in the sequel, contractual terms that become more burdensome, cannot provide a defence of frustration of the contract. The BBL Company had breached the implied terms stipulated by the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982, as it had failed to complete the work within the specified time. In Bush v Trustees of Port and Town of Whitehaven, it was held by the court that the contractual terms had changed sufficiently, for the contractor to claim an additional amount for the inordinate delay.3 This decision was censured in the Davis Contractors case, and it was opined that a party to a contract could not claim relief from a contractual obligation, merely on the grounds that the contract had become more onerous to perform.4 Consequently, a quantum meruit arises only when the circumstances change to such an extent that the contract is frustrated. The mere fact that the contract has become more expensive or has changed appreciably does not constitute frustration of the contract.5 As a result, the goods had to be sent through a much longer route. This doubled the cost, and the appellants contended that the contract had been frustrated. The House of Lords ruled that there was no frustration, as the shipping route had not been specified.7 As such, it was held that a mere increase in cost did not constitute grounds for the frustration of a contract. In Davis Contractors Ltd v Fareham UDC, a contract had been formed for the construction of a number of houses.

Worming your way to better health by Science News Article

Worming your way to better health by Science News - Article Example The presence of certain parasites within the body that tone down the host immune system has caused a significant reduction in autoimmune diseases and also lowered their rate of relapse (Seppa, 2011). However, risks are associated when such parasites are acquired or bought without any regulation and if used improperly (Seppa, 2011). Write up one quote from the material, using a signal phrase, a quote and your own comment. Include an APA style parenthetical citation. â€Å"Worms know more about the human immune system than we do.† Researchers are working to crack the mechanisms by which these organisms tone down the host immune system which would be useful in preventing diseases which are characterized by chronic inflammation (Seppa, 2011). Take a position and write a paragraph APA style based on the article. The article elaborates on the presence of worms such as parasitic worms or helminthes within the human body and how they affect the immune system of the humans. Though deve lopments in the field of science have designed drugs that would disrupt the colonization of such parasite within the human body, recent research has revealed that the development of recurrence of certain auto-immune diseases was lowered by the presence of these organisms as they were able to control the chronic inflammation by suppressing the immune system of the host.

The issue of deforestation is the reality today Essay Example for Free

The issue of deforestation is the reality today Essay A standout amongst the most pervasive issues in our reality today is the issue of deforestation. Deforestation can be depicted as \the act of clearing the common timberlands for horticulture, logging, and so forth.\ (Deforestation Statistics). Subsequent to hearing the meaning of deforestation, the vast majority would not observe this to be an extremely noteworthy issue on the planet, however, in the wake of hearing the disturbing measurements related with deforestation, most would alter their opinion. For instance, apparently, the most stunning analysis is that deforestation has brought about 80 percent of Earth\s backwoods cover being chopped down (Deforestation Statistics). In spite of the fact that the timber gathered from these rainforests over the world fill essential needs, I don\t trust it is justified regardless of the value nature needs to pay. All that matters is this: Deforestation of the world\s rainforests isn\t justified regardless of the cost paid. Rainforests are home to incalculable types of creatures, a considerable lot of which are jeopardized. By tearing down trees in colossal amounts, people are demolishing the homes of each species that may live there. When mulling over that a portion of the animal types depending on the backwoods are jeopardized, one must understand that taking part in deforestation will probably bring about the elimination of that specific species. Deforestation has just dispensed with numerous species from our planet. For instance, Michael Greenwell composes that deforestation of the Amazon alone, brought about the annihilation of 26 distinct sorts of creatures and plants in South America, and 644 different kinds were in risk of getting to be noticeably terminated (Greenwell). When taking this data in, one must understand that those 26 distinct species are always gone. This is a lasting impact of deforestation. The creatures that are surviving deforestation are compelled to escape the zone and look fo r a new haven, which may be unsafe to animals, as well as to people too. In 2009, on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, six individuals were murdered by tigers. The explanation for this is the deforestation happening in Sumatra prompted laborers encroaching upon the living spaces of these tigers, finishing with the passings of 6 individuals (Mongabay). To make matters much more severe than they as of now are, the Sumatran tiger is \fundamentally imperiled,\ and this wood operation was illicit (Mongabay). Is the wood reaped from that woodland worth gambling wiping out the remainder of the 450 Sumatran tigers on earth (Mongabay)? Notwithstanding the damage deforestation incurs on creatures, deforestation is additionally unsafe to society. Numerous locals, particularly in South America, depend enormously on the rainforest. These clans live in the backwoods and accumulate the greater part of their assets from them too. The lives of these locals are flipped around when they must choose the option to surrender their home, because the rainforest is being annihilated in any case (Consequences of Deforestation). Clans are compelled to leave all that they know and move to more possessed territories that they are to a great degree unused to. In what capacity would someone be able to who has carried on with his or her whole life managing with the assets that earth gave abruptly figure out how to be effective in a city, where he or she is required to talk the dialect and know certain abilities? Deforestation ruins endless existences of individuals living in or close to the Amazon (Consequences of Deforestation). Keeping in mind the end goal to put into point of view exactly what number of individuals are affected in such a way, an article in the Nature Conservancy site expresses that \more than 1 billion individuals living in extraordinary neediness rely upon woods for their water, fuel, or occupations\ (). Likewise, quite a bit of my family on my dad\s side lives in Brazil keeping in mind the end goal to do mission work. They live in the wilderness now and again, and would be straightforwardly influenced if the territory of the Amazon in which they dwell was to be torn down. After my family in Brazil educated me on how specifically deforestation influences the locals they work with, I started to understand that deforestation is significantly a greater amount of an issue than I had trusted it to be. Another unsafe symptom of deforestation is the impact it has on the world\s climate. Deforestation is said to be specifically identified with the issue of an Earth-wide temperature boost. By chopping down the rainforests, the measure of nursery gasses in the environment increments. Trees and plants take in risky gasses, for example, carbon dioxide, and change over them into oxygen that we as people depend on. While chopping down rainforests, we are denying ourselves of wellsprings of oxygen to inhale, and in the meantime, expanding the measure of unsafe gasses noticeable all around (Consequences of Deforestation). In farct, \deforestation is the second driving patron for carbon discharges around the world\ (Climate Change: Our Priority). Along these lines, everybody who sees the issue of an unnatural weather change as imperative ought to likewise see the issue of deforestation as an issue that requirements more consideration, since how might one battle an unnatural weather change if the second driving reason is left unaddressed? Despite the fact that I do understand that deforestation gives openings for work to individuals in regions with rainforests, and that it gives society a lot of wood utilized for building, paper, and different items, is it extremely justified regardless of the cost paid? For consistently that passes, enough trees to totally cover the territory of New York are chopped down because of deforestation (Climate Change: What We Do). What\s more, if deforestation proceeds in light of current circumstances, it is evaluated that all rainforests will be killed inside a century (Climate Change: What We Do). More than 50 percent of the found plant and creature species live in tropical rainforests, and by dispensing with the trees, we wipe out these creatures. Rainforest deforestation has significantly a greater number of cons than masters, and needs more consideration. While considering how this influences plants, creatures, the climate, and society, it is clear that deforestation isn\t justified regardless of the cost paid.

The Pros for email Out Weigh the Cons Essay -- Teaching Writing Educat

The Pros for email Out Weigh the Cons Not too long ago I would get off the school bus, run down the street and try to beat my brother at checking the mail. I was always so excited to see if anyone had sent me a card, or if we were in the next phase of the Publisher’s Clearing House drawing. This was long before almost every house in America had a computer. This was the time when there were still payphones on every corner, answering machines were the coolest thing to have, and stamps were only ten cents. Email has enhanced the ‘letter writing’ of the past. Today we live in a fast paced society with fast food restaurants, drive up ATMs, two-way radios and now electronic mail, also known as email. Email has become a part of everyday life for most individuals. It would be hard to find a company that does not use email in some aspect of their work. I use it all day long, customers email me orders, colleagues email each other, and of course I receive a daily email from my father. We were at a virtual stand still this past month when our email server crashed. We had lost all of our contact information that was saved in our email address books, all past emails. Our computer technician did retrieve everything, but it was a very stressful few days. Email has allowed people to stay in touch with each other quickly and inexpensively. There is no need for a pen and paper when using email or the envelope and stamp. All someone has to do is type out their message select the intended receiver(s) and hit send. My family has a ‘yahoo group’ where everyone can post messages. This has allowed us to keep in touch with family from Arkansas and California. We were able to keep all of my grandfather’s brothers and si... ...asional letter writing, but would have to agree with Dennis Baron in his article that â€Å"..the physical effort of handwriting, crossing out, revising, cutting, and pasting.. now seemed to overwhelm and constrict me, and I longed for the flexibility of digitized text† (36). Works Cited Baron, Dennis. â€Å"From Pixels to Pencils: The Stages of Literacy Technologies† Writing Material: Readings From Plato to the Digital World. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble & Ann Trubek. New York, NY: Longman, 2003. 35-52. Gopnik, Adam. â€Å"The Return of the Word.† Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tibble & Ann Trubek. New York, NY: Longman, 2003. 180-182. Less, Wendy â€Å"The Conversion.† Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Eveyln B. Tribble & Ann Trubek. New York, NY: Longman, 2003. 227-232.

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques

Managing Financial Principles and Techniques Assignment 2 Part 1: Financial Appraisal techniques Part 2: Forecasting Part 1-Financial Appraisal Techniques Task 1. NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000Discount FactorXY 0-200-200-200-200 1352180. 90931. 815198. 162 280100. 82666. 088. 26 390100. 75167. 597. 51 47540. 68351. 2252. 732 52030. 62112. 421. 863 229219 1)NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) X= 229-200=29 Y=219-200=19 PAYBACK PERIOD: Cumulative Cash Flow Year PROJECT X ? 000Project Y ? 000XY -200-200-200-200 135218-165-18 28010-8528 39010538 47548042 520310045 10045 TASK 2: Net Present value The present value of an investments future net cash flows minus the initial investment. If positive, the investment should be considered (unless an even better investment exists), otherwise it should not. It is a calculation based on the idea that ? 1 received in ten years time is not worth as much as ? 1 received now because the ? 1 received now could be invested for those ten y ears and compound into a higher value. The NPV calculation establishes what the value of future earnings is in todays money. To do the calculation you apply a discount % rate to the future earnings. NPV is said to be short for net present value, it is the present value of net cash flows. It is commonly used for appraisals on projects. The advantage of using NPV is that it tells you if a project will add or deduct value from the business and hence decisions are taken of whether to accept it or reject it. Advantages: It will also give accurate position for commonly special projects. -It gives an absolute value. -NPV allow for the time value for the cash flows considers both magnitude and timing of cash flows †¢Consistent with shareholder wealth maximization: Added net present values generated by investments are represented in higher stock prices. †¢Indicates whether a proposed project will yield the investor’s required rate of return Disadvantages: †¢It is very difficult to identify the correct discoun t rate. Many people find it difficult to work with a dollar return rather than a percentage return because it is hard to directly compare projects unlike say a percentage return as calculated using IRR †¢It needs to be interpreted carefully because the overall NPV reflects the scale of the project as well as the rate of return. IRR Like the NPV method used for capital budgeting, the IRR method also uses cash flows and recognizes the time value of money. NPV and IRR may give conflicting decisions where projects differ in their scale of investment. Advantages IRR allows you to compare projects easily because it is a percentage †¢Also it can direct attention to situations where it might be better to do multiple versions of the same project with a high IRR †¢In calculating IRR it can give an indication of how sensitive the Net Present Value is to changes in discount rate †¢Considers both the magnitude and the timing of cash flows Disadvantage †¢Multiple internal rates of return with unconventional cash flows †¢Any change in sign (+,-) in period cash flows produces as many IRR’s as there are changes in the cash flow directions of the investment, lending or borrowing. Assumes cash flow is reinvested at the IRR rate and this may not be a realistic assumption NPV and IRR compared NPV assumes that project cash flows are reinvested at the company's required rate of return; the IRR assumes that they are reinvested at the IRR. Since IRR is higher than the required rate of return, in order for the IRR to be accurate, the company would have to keep finding projects that would reinvest the cash flow at this higher rate. It would be difficult for a company to keep this up forever, thus NPV is more accurate. NPV method assumes that CFs are reinvested at the cost of capital K IRR method assumes that CFs are reinvested at IRR Can lead to conflicts in ranking of mutually exclusive projects Crossover NPV is superior to IRR when choosing among mutually exclusive investments Payback †¢Ignores the time value of money. This weakness is eliminated with the discounted payback method. Advantages †¢It is very simple †¢Helps prevent cash flow problems †¢Useful where technology changes rapidly or there are other sources of risk as it asks the question how quickly do we get the money back? Measure of risk and liquidity †¢Useful for evaluating small projects Disadvantages †¢Ignores the time value of money †¢Ignores cash flows after the payback period †¢Objective not consistent with shareholder wealth maximization rather it focuses on risk minimization ARR Advantages †¢It clearly shows profitability of a project †¢It allows easy comparison between project s †¢The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into account †¢It can be easily compared to the target return on long term capital employed which is calculated in the same way Disadvantages †¢More complex than pay back It does not take into account the effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. ARR Advantages †¢It clearly shows profitability of a project †¢It allows easy comparison between projects †¢The opportunity cost of investment can be taken into account Disadvantages †¢More complex than pay back †¢It does not take into account the effects of inflation on the value of money over a time period. TASK 3 PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS: Cash In Flows TOIN8% Inflation AdjustmentInflation Adjustment Value T1250001. 0827000 T2250001. 1729250 T3250001. 2631500 T340001. 265040 Cash Out Flow OUT10% Inflation AdjustmentInflation Adjustment Value T01000010000 T11000018000 T1180001. 1020900 T2190001. 2122990 Net Inflation adjusted cash flows NPV INOUTNet Cash FlowNet Present Discount FactorDiscounted Cash Flow T0-1000010000110000 T12700010000170000. 8514450 T1-18000180000. 8515300 T2292502090083500. 726012 T3315002299085100. 615191. 1 T35040-50400. 613074. 4 PART 2-FORECASTING DIXON COMPANY Solution: NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJUNE Sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? working note 1)50,00060,00070,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Budgeted Production (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 Cost Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ? Material (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 Labour(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 Fixed Overheads (Given)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 5,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1 Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 50 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4 Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast NovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening Balance35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less: Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance Task 2 Solution: NOVEMBERDECEMBERJANUARYFEBRUARYMARCHAPRILMAYJUNE Sales/Budgeted Sales Units (Given)10001200140016001800200022002600 Sales budgeted/ sales ? (working note 1)75,00090,000105,000120,000135,000150,000165,000195,000 Budgeted Production (Given)12001400160020002400260024002200 Cost Budgeted Manufacturing Cost ? Material (working note 2)31,20036,40041,60052,00062,40067,60062,40057,200 Labour(working note 3)9,60011,20012,80016,00019,20020,80019,20017,600 Variable overheads (working note 4)2,4002,8003,2004,0004,8005,2004,8004,400 Fixed Overheads (Given)5,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,5005,500 Total Production Cost (working note 5)48,70055,90063,10077,50091,90099,10091,90084,700 working note 1 Sales budgeted/ sales ? = Sales/Budgeted Sales Units x 75 working note 2 Material = Budgeted Production x 26 working note 3 Labour = Budgeted Production x 8 working note 4 Variable overheads = Budgeted Production x 2 working note 5 Total Production Cost = Material + Labour + Variable Overheads+ Fixed Overheads Work Out Cash Flow Forecast NovemeberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJune Opening Balance35,500 Sales70,00080,00090,000100,000110,000130,000 Less: Material-41,600-52,000-62,400-67,600-62,400-57,200 Labour-12,800-16,000-19,200-20,800-19,200-17,600 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Variable Overheads (50%)-6,400-8,000-9,600-10,400-9,600-8,800 Fixed Overheads-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500-5,500 Machinery120034000 Closing Balance

Poetry and science enjoy equal success in expanding human knowledge Essay

Before answering whether both poetry and science enjoy equal success in expanding human knowledge, one must first understand what poetry and science are and what they do. Poetry is an artist’s way of abstractly conveying his or her ideas through writing so as to stimulate the emotional side of the readers. Science on the other hand, is an objective way of clearly stating facts so as to stimulate the â€Å"formal† or fact craving side of the readers. Poetry presents an object in order to convey a particular message or feeling, whilst science merely presents an object objectively and describes how it is, clearly, in every way possible. Therefore, it is clear that the purpose of these two approaches is quite different. Furthermore, the ways of knowing in poetry and science are somewhat different. Poetry’s ways of knowing are mainly emotion and language, while sciences are mainly language and reason. However, although they have language in common, both of them utiliz e language in different ways and for different purposes. As is obvious from above, both approaches aim to expand two completely different parts of human knowledge. Poetry aims to expand the aesthetic while science the scientific. Therefore, they cannot be assessed on their ability to expand human knowledge based on the same criteria but rather, they should both be assessed based on individual criteria in their own specific areas of knowledge and then compared after being assessed. Assessing them based on the same criteria would much be like comparing a desert with a main course, which would be wrong since they both have different purposes and, although the dessert may not be good at achieving the purpose of the main dish, it could well be excellent at achieving the purposes of a dessert. Since poetry tries to â€Å"touch† the reader’s emotional side aesthetically it must be scrutinized as an art. The purpose of art is to aesthetically touch an emotion which all people supposedly have. Through techniques specific to each art, good artists are able to do this, and this in itself is an expansion of human knowledge in that it causes people to be aware of their emotions. Humans â€Å"have to turn to poetry to interpret life for us, to console us, to sustain us.† (Matthew Arnold, ‘The Study of Poetry’) The purpose of Shakespeare’s Macbeth is not to scientifically understand how ambition can conquer one, nor is it meant to be a historical recount of the real Macbeth. It is a poetic story which is written so as people can empathize with the main characters and view their own life in terms of conquering their faults and sustaining their good. Another purpose of poetry is to represent human nature. This can clearly be seen through any of Robert’s Frost’s poems such as Out, Out which explains, better than any scientific paper ever could, the ability of a child to care so much about his desire to work and help society, and the lack of care his family experiences when he dies. Poetry presents human characteristics, the human thought, the human inner self, all compact into one verse and it is so powerful because when read, one immediately connects with it, and it touches each person’s emotions in a way. Also, it so vividly depicts the nature of humans that it is a powerful tool through which people can express themselves, and in which people can relate to. It expands our knowledge of human nature and the way humans behave and the power of emotions and their effect on us. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth when Lady Macbeth asks the evil spirits to â€Å"unsex me [Lady Macbeth] here† one feels the evil powers of ambition and its ability to overtake ones sane and rational thought. On the other hand science’s purpose is to clearly depict a situation or object. Science, in no way, should aim to â€Å"touch† the reader’s emotional side, but rather touch the reader’s rationality. Although some may argue that science does touch a reader’s side, it is not the main purpose of the writing, and is rather an effect of extreme love towards and passion for the subject. A scientific argument should not be ambiguous or differ from reader to reader, unlike poetry. There is no way for a scientific argument to be true to some people and false to others, for in science there is an absolute truth which the scientists are trying to attain. Although many may argue that poets are also aiming to achieve this absolute truth, it must be noted that each person’s emotions are different and therefore there is no way to absolutely describe the way people think, react or behave. Biology, chemistry and physics have set laws and truths which, regardl ess of who or where you are, will be true. If the purpose of poetry is, as we said, to depict human nature, then the purpose of science is to understand nature itself and how it works. When writing a piece the author must create a balance between ambiguity and precision and the language of a piece is directly dependant on the purpose of the piece. Poetry and science are completely opposite in the way that they try to balance ambiguity and precision. In poetry the ability to ambiguously use words is good since it allows one to think abstractly and allows different readers, with different mindsets, to interpret the piece in different ways. Therefore, in the case of poetry language, as a way of knowing, is created to be ambiguous so as to contribute to the knowledge and effect of the piece. On the other hand, in science ambiguity greatly impedes a work. It is not acceptable for a law or theory in science to be indirect and not addressing one specific point clearly.. Otherwise the law becomes obsolete, since if it is not understandable it has no purpose. There is no space in science for different interpretations of a law; the law has one purpose that it achieves and that purpose is set. It is not different for different people, or different nations, or different cultures. In the sense of multiple meanings, contrary to poetry’s double entendres, scienctific writing cannot have any; the one meaning the author desires to portray must be directly stated so as to disallow ambiguity and interpretation. For example, water being comprised of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom is true independent if one is in the United States, Russia, or Australia. Also, it is true independent of ones age, race, background, nationality, religion, or any other factor which may change from person to person. However, poetry is quite the opposite. Poetry should be, and is, interpreted differently by different people. The meaning or â€Å"truth† behind poetry is fully dependant on all the factors listed above. An old person may have a completely different understanding of words in poems such as George Herbert’s The Pulley the double meaning of the word â€Å"rest† which can either mean the remainder or it can mean peace. The great difference between these two interpretations leaves the reader with the final choice to interpret the poem the way he/she wants and this is the intent of the poet. However, in science it is the intent of the scientist to clearly illustrate his/her point without any ambiguity as in science clarity is essential. In conclusion, it can be seen that poetry and science have completely different purposes and different means of attaining these purposes. Furthermore, each of these specific areas of knowledge means to expand different types of knowledge and pertain to different ways of knowing. However, one must realize that it is essential to have a balance between the â€Å"scientific† or factual knowledge, and the â€Å"poetic†/†aesthetic† knowledge or the emotional understanding of human nature. Therefore, in these terms science successfully expands its portion of human knowledge successfully expands its. Therefore, it can be concluded that each area of knowledge has equal success in expanding knowledge in its respective â€Å"area†. â€Å"In science one tries to tell people, in such a way as to be understood by everyone, something that no one ever knew before. But in poetry it’s the exact opposite.†(P A M Dirac) Do both the approaches suggested in the quotation enjoy equal success in expanding human knowledge?

Quirino Grandstand Hostage Drama Essay Essay Example

Quirino Grandstand Hostage Drama Essay Essay Example Quirino Grandstand Hostage Drama Essay Paper Quirino Grandstand Hostage Drama Essay Paper Essay Topic: Salvage the Bones I. Introduction Although the history of snatch and hostage-taking is a really long one. it is merely comparatively late that there has been a systematic effort to understand the effects. both long-run and short-run. on persons and their households. This is an of import issue for clinical and academic grounds. The advice of mental wellness professionals is sought with increasing frequence with respect to the strategic direction of surety incidents and the clinical direction of those who have been abducted. There is grounds to propose that how best to assist those who have been taken surety is a sensitive and complex affair. and those who deal with such persons should be every bit good informed as possible since such events can hold long-run inauspicious effects. peculiarly on immature kids. The Manila surety crisis. officially known as the Rizal Park hostage-taking incident occurred when a dismissed Philippine National Police officer took over a tourer coach in Rizal Park. Manila. Philippines on August 23. 2010. Disgruntled former senior inspector Rolando Mendoza of the Manila Police District ( MPD ) hijacked a tourer coach transporting 25 people ( 20 tourers and a tour usher from Hong Kong. and four Filipinos ) in an effort to acquire his occupation back. He said that he had been summarily and below the belt dismissed. and that all he wanted was a just hearing and the chance to support himself. Negotiations broke down dramatically about 10 hours into the stand-off. when the constabulary arrested Mendoza’s brother and therefore incited him to open fire. As the shot began. the coach driver managed to get away. and was shown on telecasting stating â€Å"Everyone is dead† before being whisked away by police officers. Mendoza and eight of the sureties were killed and a figure of others injured. The MPD’s failed deliverance effort and gun-battle with the highjacker. which took around 90 proceedingss. were watched by 1000000s on unrecorded telecasting and the cyberspace. The Filipino and Hong Kong authoritiess conducted separate probes into the incident. Both enquiries judged that the victims had been unlawfully killed. and identified the Philippine officials’ hapless handling of the incident as the cause of the eight hostages’ deceases. The assault mounted by the MPD. and the ensuing shoot-out. have been widely criticized by initiates as â€Å"bungled† and â€Å"incompetent† . and the Hong Kong Government has issued a â€Å"black† travel qui vive for the Philippines as a consequence of the matter. II. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY It was August 23. 2010 when the whole universe alarmed in one of the most tragic surety taking happened in Quirino Grandstand Manila. Philippines. Many people were sad and shocked to what happened in the said event. At approximately 9:30 in the forenoon. dismissed committee constabulary officer Rolando Mendoza took surety 25 tourers from Hongkong and some Filipino staff who were in a coach to go forth Fort Santiago for Manila’s Rizal Park. The resulting surety lasted 11 hours and ended with nine persons. including the surety taker. dead. 1 and the other sureties were injured. Harmonizing to the study Mendoza is a hard-working and sort. He received tonss of award for being courageous and loyal to his profession. Mendoza said he was summarily dismissed without the chance to decently support himself. and that all he wanted was a just hearing. 2 and to acquire his occupation back. He did this manner merely to acquire attending the authorities functionary. As we all know Media is the most likely beginning of information for most people. In this sort of state of affairs it is really unsafe occupation for the media because he has to set himself in a topographic point that should be right. 3 but in what happened in the Quirino Grandstand Hostage taking crisis it seem that many media people were blamed because they reported beyond the bound. We are in the fact that a media individual serve as entree of information of issues that are of public concern even if they are at hazard. There were many media oversights in that incident. Towards the eventide of the surety taking. many media webs were covering the surety taking crisis unrecorded. Among none of them did it look to hold occurred to that irresponsible coverage of the event could be lives. 4 Some of them during the surety event reported the unconfirmed information. they revealed the constabulary and military personnels motion and many more oversights that caused the choler of Mendoza. III. BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS ( HOSTAGE TAKER AND CAPTIVE/S ) IV. MOTIVES IN THE INCIDENT Taking sureties has a long history as a method. with variable effectivity. of procuring grants from persons. administrations and authoritiess. More late. it has become a popular maneuver among terrorist administrations. Although the resiliency of persons should neer be underestimated. there is grounds that being taken surety can hold digesting effects. peculiarly on kids. Persons vary in how they cope with such an experience. both during and subsequent to it. The literature demonstrates that the research base is limited. and many of import inquiries remain to be answered. Hostage-taking is an country of clinical and scientific involvement. Apart from the demand to set up the most effectual post-incident intercessions for single sureties and their households. there are chances to develop farther penetrations into the kineticss and effects of unequal power relationships. V. PROBLEMS The ideal equipment of a SWAT squad more or less are as follows: communicating setup. armour waistcoat. helmets. gas mask. handguns. assault rifles for close one-fourth conflict. handlocks. synchronized tickers. field glassess. telescopes. dark vision goggles. buffeting random-access memories. ladders. ropes. stun grenades. tear gas. fume grenades. stick visible radiations. torchs. limelights. telescopic gun sights. hydraulic knuckleboness. bolt cutters. glass shutter explosives. fire asphyxiator. fireman’s ax. concatenation saw. SWAT new wave. baseball mitts. woodworking tools. acetylene torch and rain cogwheels. There was deficiency of equipment on the portion of Manila SWAT to manage the state of affairs. Although they had their basic arms such as their armour waistcoat ( the effectivity are already in deep inquiry ) . their rifles. handguns and Kevlar helmets but still by criterions. these are non equal to turn to the surety crisis state of affairs. It is really apparent that they were non even transporting with them torchs but all of the clip they were describing and kicking that the inside of the coach was dark. The deficiency of equipment already put the breaching operation into a via media. The component of surprise was gone that resulted into a stall that lasted for erstwhile thereby jeopardizing lives. The uncertainty sing the effectivity of their armour vest contributed to the apprehensiveness of the SWAT members to hotfoot inside the coach during the assault. The Manila SWAT was non merely ill-equipped but they were non trained in different sorts of state of affairss. In fact they had to practise on the really twenty-four hours of the surety state of affairs. The preparations of the Manila SWAT as provided by the Manila Police District are non updated and simulated operations were conducted. if of all time conducted. was a long clip ago. They don’t even cognize the consecutive Numberss of their guns at an instant question. They train on their ain personal history. Skill acquired through preparations diminishes after some clip and demands to be invariably updated. VI. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT TEAM VII. Decision The grounds presented for the decriminalisation are evidently overpowering. In a nutshell. by all criterions. Gen. Magtibay was an unqualified commanding officer. organiser and director. To exceed this off. he was besides grossly and recklessly insubordinate at a most important minute. One is tempted to set the whole incrimination on the surety fiasco upon him. if non for the every bit inexplicable oversights and indecisivenesss committed by both his higher-ups and work forces all throughout the surety crisis. specifically on scheme. intelligence. coordination. and deployment. But it is without inquiry that he carries the biggest answerability for the black and homicidal result of the surety crisis. As such. it stands to ground for the Senate and the House of Representatives to give decriminalisation of libel a opportunity. Honestly. as an person I got pissed off because those people tasked to manage the state of affairs didn’t do it by the book. First and foremost to be considered is the safety of the sureties which as viewed was neer the order of precedence of those people expected to salvage same. In all hostage-taking play that I’ve known. neutralizing the hostage-taker is no. 1 in the docket. which if ab initio done could hold prevented the slaughter. I merely hope this won’t go on once more. but if it does- merely neutralize the hostage-taker one time and the play will stop! It’s such a black and hideous event that the merely positive thing we get out of the experience is to larn something from it. From that Learn we have to our errors. . VIII. Recommendation The probe study besides recommended administrative or condemnable charges for 15 persons and organisations. including Manila city manager Alfredo Lim. Vice-Mayor Isko Moreno. ombudsmen Merceditas Gutierrez and Emilio Gonzales III. authorities undersecretary Rico J. Puno. retired Philippine National Police main manager general Jesus Verzosa. National Capital Region Police Office manager Leocadio Santiago Jr. . Manila Police District head overseer Rodolfo Magtibay. MPD surety negotiant Orlando Yebra. SWAT commanding officer Santiago Pascual. journalists Erwin Tulfo and Mike Rogas. and three broadcast medium webs. The IIRC recommended that an administrative instance be filed against negotiant constabulary Superintendent Orland Yebra and that possible condemnable liability should be determined. but the Palace merely recommended disregard of responsibility without any recommendation on possible condemnable instance. The IIRC besides recommended that Chief Inspector Santiago Pascual be held apt for gross incompetency and possible condemnable action. but the Palace affirmed the gross incompetency instance without recommendation for possible condemnable liability. The filing of administrative and condemnable instances against Manila Mayor Alfredo Lim. but Malacanang said that Lim should be held apt for simple disregard of responsibility and misconduct. Charges be filed against several personalities but the recommendation was revised when it reached Malacanang. IX. Reference1. First Report of the INCIDENT INVESTIGATION and REVIEW COMMITTEE on the August. 23. 2010 Rizal Park Hostage-taking Incident: Sequence OF EVENTS. EVALUATION and RECOMMENDATIONS. Incident Investigation and Review Committee. September 16. 2010. pp. 9–10. 16. 22. 24. 2. †Hong Kong criticizes managing of Manila surety crisis† . Reuters. August 23. 2010. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. reuters. com/article/2010/08/23/us-philippines-hostage-hongkong-idUSTRE67M35B20100823. Retrieved July 14. 2011. 3. Mair. John ; Blanchard. Ben ( August 24. 2010 ) . â€Å"Philippines defends handling of coach surety crisis† . International Business Times. 4. hypertext transfer protocol: //uk. ibtimes. com/articles/45880/20100824/philippines-defends-handling-

A Comparison of Michelangelos and Donatellos Sculptures of David

The comparison of sculptures between Michelangelo and Donatello David Michelangelo and Donatello was the most respected and exciting artist of the time. Michelangelo of the High Renaissance and Donatello of the early Renaissance came from Italy. Both of them tell the story of David and Goliath, as described in Sam 2: 17: 28-51 in their sculpture 'David'. David is a shepherd boy, killing a giant Goliath with only one pachinko in his hand. Michelangelo showed David before the fight and Donatello showed David to David in the fight against Goliath. In the Renaissance period, artists such as Donatello, Lorenzo Ghiberti and Michelangelo produced famous works such as Donatello's bronze David, Door to the baptistery of Florence, Michelangelo, sculptures reached the climax. The marble of David and Pieta the Virgin Mary gently hugging the deceased Jesus. Most Renaissance sculptures are still religious about that subject. The church is full of carefully carved tents, pulpit towers, tombs, altar s, bowl pots and statues. However, as they learn more about classical art, sculptors also work in the form of heathens, including horse riding (horse and rider) statues, portrait busts and male nude drawings. In addition, art is not just for the church The city of Florence paid for his sculpture of David. The customer felt that he was difficult to handle and cooperate. He is not a cultural intellectual like Leonardo da Vinci or Michelangelo. Donatello is essentially a realist. Many of the masterpieces of Donatello are in Florence. Some of the masterpieces include: St. Peter, St Mark, Sukune, St George and Dragon, St. John Evangelist, Magdalen and Angel and Tambourine. Many of his sculptures were a breakthrough in the Renaissance. One of them, David was the first naked statue of the Renaissance, and the goddess of the equestrian gutta Merita was considered one of the best sculptures ever. (Rainbow Book of Art p.68, May 16, 2003) David was destined to become the second king of Israel, destroying the Philistines' giant Goliath with stones and hanging chains. Both Donatello, Verrocchio, Michelangelo, Benigni designed the David sculpture. However, sculptures are very different from each other. Each is unique in its own way. Donatello, the first life-sized naked statue since the classical era, balances between classicalism and realism through the real image of an Italian farmer's boy presenting a classic nude statue. Donatello was inspired by classical figures, but he did not choose Greek youth as a model of David. Instead, he chose a young boy whose arm was weakly bare because of a lack of muscles. After defeating Goliath at the foot of David, he placed a sword next to him and dealt with most of it. It is almost impossible for boys like David to accomplish such work. essay.com/DAVID MICHELANGO, DONATELLO, This is four different buildings about David sculpture.

Choose a set of military images or objects and consider how they have Essay - 1

Choose a set of military images or objects and consider how they have mobilized popular opinion in support of war - Essay Example It is only though the lens that the civilized world has come to known the grotesque realities that is bestowed mostly upon the innocent civilians. Be it the Vietnam War, the World War II, and the Afghanistan war, the consequences have always been the same. In such situations, photographers of courage, and practically, photographers of luck have played vital role in mobilizing an entire public opinion in either way. Nevertheless, history has been the testimony of the fact that images speak loud. This paper presents few such images and their cause and effect in influencing the opinion of people in the event of a war and its subsequent outcome. The images have been captured under different conditions and times, although all have a common element of historical value. All of them represent the times during which they were clicked and in some or the other way bore importance in prominent aspects of history. When Eddie Adams shot this picture of a South Vietnamese General- Nguyen Ngoc Loan shooting a suspected Vietcong guerrilla, he might have never known how intensified would be the ripples that this image would generate. â€Å"It earned Adams a Pulitzer Prize† (Coward 2004). Although the image brought out anti-war feelings as â€Å"public approval certainly cannot be taken for granted† (Handel 1992), what it did was to escalate the Tet Offensive which was a massive campaign against the Republic of Vietnam forces and the U.S. and its allies. Although the fate of a war is never known, bitter feelings on any side always tend to extend the war as might have been in the case of the Vietnam war which went on till a few more years. Although Adams’ first comment was- â€Å"The general killed the Viet Cong; I killed the general with my camera.† (Robbins 2010), he later on apologized to Nguyen for whatever humiliation the photograph did to his reputation. On the 11th of September 2011, when an airliner hit the North Block of the World Trade Center, Richard Drew was